paths on differential posets and rooks

Tags: #theorem

Statement

Let W be a walk on a differential poset. Then,

fW=rW

where fW is the number of paths in P that start at end at 0^ with the pattern W.
and rW is the number of nonattacking rook placements in the Young diagram of W.

In particular, if κW=(κ1,κ2,…,κn), then

rW=κn(κn−1−1)(κn−2−2)…(κ1−n+1)

Proof

The latter statement follows by noting that we may start by choosing a place for the rook in the last row, of which there are κn options, and then continuing upwards, noting that we are forbidden from previously chosen columns.

Proof sketch: show the same recurrence relation as follows: there is an instance of UD in W. Then, if we write

W=W1UDW2

define W′=W1DUW2 and W″=W1W2. Then, one can show that

fW=fW′+fW″

with an analogous statement for the rook placements.